viernes, 10 de octubre de 2014

PRONOUNS




        Pronouns are words that take the place of a noun.         

           This chart has the kind of pronouns that you saw before.


Retrieved from: http://mrswarnerarlington.weebly.com/pronouns.html


But there are other pronouns 

Relative PronounsThe relative pronouns (who/whoever/which/that) relate groups of words to nouns or other pronouns (The student who studies hardest usually does the best.). The word who connects or relates the subject, student, to the verb within the dependent clause (studies).

Generally, we use "which" to introduce clauses that can be removed from the sentence without changing the essential meaning of it. For that reason, a "which clause" is often set off with a comma or a pair of commas. "That clauses," on the other hand, are usually deemed indispensable for the meaning of a sentence and are not set off with commas. The pronoun which refers to things; who (and its forms) refers to people; that usually refers to things, but it can also refer to people in a general kind of way. 

The expanded form of the relative pronouns — whoever, whomever, whatever — are known as indefinite relative pronouns. A couple of sample sentences should suffice to demonstrate why they are called "indefinite":

Some examples:The coach will select whomever he pleases.He seemed to say whatever came to mind.Whoever crosses this line first will win the race.What is often an indefinite relative pronoun:She will tell you what you need to know.



Indefinite Pronouns

The indefinite pronouns (everybody/anybody/somebody/all/each/every/some/none/one) do not substitute for specific nouns but function themselves as nouns.

There are other indefinite pronouns, words that double as Determiners:

enough, few, fewer, less, little, many, much, several, more, most, all, both, every, each, any, either, neither, none, some, Few will be chosen; fewer will finish.


Interrogative Pronouns

The interrogative pronouns (who/which/what) introduce questions. (What is that? Who will help me? Which do you prefer?) Which is generally used with more specific reference than what. If we're taking a quiz and I ask "Which questions give you the most trouble?", they are sometimes called interrogative adjectives.


We know who is guilty of this crime.
I already told the detective what I know about it.


Reciprocal Pronouns

The reciprocal pronouns are each other and one another. They are convenient forms for combining ideas. If Bob gave Alicia a book for Christmas and Alicia gave Bob a book for Christmas, we can say that they gave each other books (or that they gave books to each other).

My mother and I give each other a hard time.
If more than two people are involved (let's say a whole book club), we would say that they gave one another books. This rule (if it is one) should be applied circumspectly. It's quite possible for the exchange of books within this book club, for example, to be between individuals, making "each other" just as appropriate as "one another."

Reciprocal pronouns can also take possessive forms:

They borrowed each other's ideas.
The scientists in this lab often use one another's equipment.

Retrieved from: http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/pronouns1.htm